2016NEW Cisco.CCIE.(400-101)EXAM] CCIE Routing and Switching EXAM A PART8 (161-180) VCE DUMPS FOR FREE DOWNLOAD WITH 100%PASS ENSURE

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QUESTION 160

Refer to the exhibit.

Why is the neighbor relationship between R2 and R4 shown as ES-IS?

A. because there is an MTU mismatch between R2 and R4

B. because interface S3/0 of R4 is configured as L1/L2

C. because interface S3/0 of R2 is configured as L1

D. because there is a hello interval mismatch between R2 and R4

Correct Answer: C

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

With IS-IS we will see ES-IS when one of the following is true:

1. One side is configured to send only L2 and another side is configured to send L1. In this case both sides show each-other as ES-IS.

2. There is an MTU Mismatch so we see ES-IS in only one side.

So in this question because we do not know about the other side’s “show CLNS neighbor” A must be the better choose.

QUESTION 161

Refer to the exhibit.

The interface FastEthernet0/1 of both routers R4 and R5 is connected to the same Ethernet segment with a multicast receiver. Which two statements are true?

(Choose two)

A. Multicast traffic that is destined to a receiver with IP address 192.168.2.6 will flow through router R4.

B. Both routers R4 and R5 will send PIM join messages to the RP.

C. Only router R5 will send a multicast join message to the RP.

D. Multicast traffic that is destined to a receiver with IP address 192.168.2.6 will flow through router R5.

Correct Answer: CD

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Even though R4 is the active HSRP router, traffic will flow through R5 and only R5 will send the join messages. The Multicast DR is elected by the higher IPaddress or priority. R5 has 192.168.2.2 and R4 has 192.168.2.1. R5 is the DR which send all packets to the RP.

QUESTION 162

Refer to the exhibit.

This is the configuration of the ASBR of area 110.Which option explains why the remote ABR should not translate the type 7 LSA for the prefix 192.168.0.0/16 into

a type 5 LSA?

A. The remote ABR translates all type 7 LSA into type 5 LSA, regardless of any option configured in the ASBR.

B. The ASBR sets the forwarding address to 0.0.0.0 which instructs the ABR not to translate the LSA into a type 5 LSA.

C. The ASBR originates a type 7 LSA with age equal to MAXAGE 3600.

D. The ABR clears the P bit in the header of the type 7 LSA for 192.168.0.0/16.

Correct Answer: D

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

When external routing information is imported into an NSSA, LSA Type 7 is generated by the ASBR and it is flooded within that area only. To further distribute the

external information, type 7 LSA is translated into type 5 LSA at the NSSA border. The P-bit in LSA Type 7 field indicates whether the type 7 LSA should be

translated. This P-bit is automatically set by the NSSA ABR (also the Forwarding Address (FA) is copied from Type 7 LSA). The P-bit is not set only when the

NSSA ASBR and NSSA ABR are the same router for the area. If bit P = 0, then the NSSA ABR must not translate this LSA into Type 5.

he nssa-only keyword instructs the device to instigate Type-7 LSA with cleared P-bit, thereby, preventing LSA translation to Type 5 on NSSA ABR device.

Note. If a router is attached to another AS and is also an NSSA ABR, it may originate a both a type-5 and a type-7 LSA for the same network. The type-5 LSA will

be flooded to the backbone and the type-7 will be flooded into the NSSA. If this is the case, the P-bit must be reset (P=0) in the type-7 LSA so the type-7 LSA isn’t

again translated into a type-5 LSA by another NSSA ABR.

Reference. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/iproute_ospf/configuration/15-e/iro- 15-e-book/iro-ospfv3-nssa-cfg.html

QUESTION 163What is the function of an EIGRP sequence TLV packet?

A. to acknowledge a set of sequence numbers during the startup update process

B. to list the peers that should listen to the next multicast packet during the reliable multicast process

C. to list the peers that should not listen to the next multicast packet during the reliable multicast process

D. to define the initial sequence number when bringing up a new peer

Correct Answer: C

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

EIGRP sends updates and other information between routers using multicast packets to 224.0.0.10. For example in the topology below, R1 made a change in the

topology and it needs to send updates to R2 & R3. It sends multicast packets to EIGRP multicast address 224.0.0.10. Both R2 & R3 can receive the updates and

acknowledge back to R1 using unicast. Simple, right? But what if R1 sends out updates, only R2 replies but R3 never does? In the case a router sends out a

multicast packet that must be reliable delivered (like in this case), an EIGRP process will wait until the RTO (retransmission timeout) period has passed before

beginning a recovery action. This period is calculated from the SRTT (smooth round-trip time). After R1 sends out updates it will wait for this period to expire. Then

it makes a list of all the neighbors from which it did not receive an Acknowledgement (ACK). Next it sends out a packet telling these routers stop listening to

multicast until they are been notified that it is safe again. Finally the router will begin sending unicast packets with the information to the routers that didn’t answer,

continuing until they are caught up. In our example the process will be like this:

1. R1 sends out updates to 224.0.0.10

2. R2 responds but R3 does not

3. R1 waits for the RTO period to expire

4. R1 then sends out an unreliable-multicast packet, called a sequence TLV (Type-Length-Value) packet, which tells R3 not to listen to multicast packets any more

5. R1 continues sending any other muticast traffic it has and delivering all traffic, using unicast to R3, until it acknowledges all the packets

6. Once R3 has caught up, R1 will send another sequence TLV, telling R3 to begin listening to multicast again.

The sequence TLV packet contains a list of the nodes that should not listen to multicast packets while the recovery takes place. But notice that the TLV packet in

step 6 does not contain any nodes in the list.

Note. In the case R3 still does not reply in step 4, R1 will attempt to retransmit the unicast 16 times or continue to retransmit until the hold time for the neighbor in

question expires. After this time, R1 will declare a retransmission limit exceeded error and will reset the neighbor.

(Reference. EIGRP for IP: Basic Operation and Configuration)

QUESTION 164

What are two reasons to define static peers in EIGRP? (Choose two.)

A. Security requirements do not allow dynamic learning of neighbors.

B. The link between peers requires multicast packets.

C. Back-level peers require static definition for successful connection.D. The link between peers requires unicast packets.

Correct Answer: AD

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

There are two ways we can create EIGRP neighbor relationship:

+ Use “network ” command. This is the more popular way to create EIGRP neighbor relationship. That router will check which interfaces whose IP addresses

belong to the and turn EIGRP on that interface. EIGRP messages are sent via multicast packets.

+ Use “neighbor” commanD. The interface(s) that have this command applied no longer send or receive EIGRP multicast packets. EIGRP messages are sent via

unicast. The router only accepts EIGRP packets from peers that are explicitly configured with a neighbor statement. Consequently, any messages coming from

routers without a corresponding neighbor statement are discarded. This helps prevent the insertion of unauthorized routing peers -> A and D are correct.

QUESTION 165

Refer to the exhibit.

R2 is mutually redistributing between EIGRP and BGP.

Which configuration is necessary to enable R1 to see routes from R3?A. The R3 configuration must include ebgp-multihop to the neighbor statement for R2.

B. The R2 BGP configuration must include bgp redistribute-internal.

C. R1 must be configured with next-hop-self for the neighbor going to R2.

D. The AS numbers configured on R1 and R2 must match.

Correct Answer: B

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Whenever you redistribute from BGP to something else, BGP will only advertise externally learned routes. To allow the redistribution of iBGP routes into an interior

gateway protocol such as EIGRP or OSPF, use the bgp redistribute-internal command in router configuration mode.

QUESTION 166

What is the purpose of EIGRP summary leaking?

A. to allow a summary to be advertised conditionally on specific criteria

B. to allow a component of a summary to be advertised in addition to the summary

C. to allow overlapping summaries to exist on a single interface

D. to modify the metric of the summary based on which components of the summary are operational

Correct Answer: B

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

When you do manual summarization, and still you want to advertise some specific routes to the neighbor, you can do that using leak-map. Please read more about

leaking routes here.

http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/iproute_eigrp/command/reference/ire_book/ire_i1.html# wp1037685.

QUESTION 167

Refer to the exhibit.

You have just created a new VRF on PE3. You have enabled debug ip bgp vpnv4 unicast updates on PE1, and you can see the route in the debug, but not in the

BGP VPNv4 table. Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)

A. VPNv4 is not configured between PE1 and PE3.

B. address-family ipv4 vrf is not configured on PE3.

C. After you configure route-target import 999:999 for a VRF on PE3, the route will be accepted.

D. PE1 will reject the route due to automatic route filtering.

E. After you configure route-target import 999:999 for a VRF on PE1, the route will be accepted.

Correct Answer: DE

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

The route target extended community for VPLS auto-discovery defines the import and export policies that a VPLS instance uses. The export route target sets an

extended community attribute number that is appended to all routes that are exported from the VPLS instance. The import route target value sets a filter that

determines the routes that are accepted into the VPLS instance. Any route with a value in its import route target contained in its extended attributes field matching

the value in the VPLS instance’s import route target are accepted. Otherwise the route is rejected.

QUESTION 168

Which two DHCP messages are always sent as broadcast? (Choose two.)

A. DHCPOFFER

B. DHCPDECLINE

C. DHCPRELEASE

D. DHCPREQUEST

E. DHCPDISCOVER

Correct Answer: DE

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:Explanation:

DHCP discovery

The client broadcasts messages DHCPDISCOVER on the network subnet using the destination address 255.255.255.255 or the specific subnet broadcast

address.

DHCP request

In response to the DHCP offer, the client replies with a DHCP request, broadcasts to the server, requesting the offered address. A client can receive DHCP offers

from multiple servers, but it will accept only one DHCP offer.

Reference. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol

QUESTION 169

With which ISs will an ISIS Level 1 IS exchange routing information?

A. Level 1 ISs

B. Level 1 ISs in the same area

C. Level 1 and Level 2 ISs

D. Level 2 ISs

Correct Answer: B

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

IS-IS differs from OSPF in the way that “areas” are defined and routed between. IS-IS routers are designated as being: Level 1 (intra-area); Level 2 (inter area); or

Level 1-2 (both). Level 2 routers are inter area routers that can only form relationships with other Level 2 routers. Routing information is exchanged between Level

1 routers and other Level 1 routers, and Level 2 routers only exchange information with other Level 2 routers. Level 1-2 routers exchange information with both

levels and are used to connect the inter area routers with the intra area routers.

Reference. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-IS

QUESTION 170

Refer to the exhibit.

Why is the neighbor relationship between R1 & R2 and R1 & R3 an L2-type neighborship?

A. because the area ID on R1 is different as compared to the area ID of R2 and R3

B. because the circuit type on those three routers is L1/L2

C. because the network type between R1, R2, and R3 is point-to-point

D. because the hello interval is not the same on those three routers

Correct Answer: A

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

With IS-IS, an individual router is in only one area, and the border between areas is on the link that connects two routers that are in different areas. A Level 2

router may have neighbors in the same or in different areas, and it has a Level 2 link-state database with all information for inter-area routing. Level 2 routers know

about other areas but will not have Level 1 information from its own area.

Reference.

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6599/products_white_paper09186a00800a3e6f.shtml

QUESTION 171

Which three statements about the designated router election in IS-IS are true? (Choose three.)A. If the IS-IS DR fails, a new DR is elected.

B. The IS-IS DR will preempt. If a new router with better priority is added, it just becomes active in the network.

C. If there is a tie in DR priority, the router with a higher IP address wins.

D. If there is a tie in DR priority, the router with a higher MAC address wins.

E. If the DR fails, the BDR is promoted as the DR.

F. The DR is optional in a point-to-point network.

Correct Answer: ABD

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

DR/DIS election

highest priority (0-127)

highest mac address

Setting priority to 0 doesn’t disable DIS election; use point-to-point to disable it.

There can be separate DRs for L1 and L2 adjacencies.

There is no backup DR. If the primary DR fails, a new DR is elected.

DR preemption is enabled by default.

Reference. http://ccie-in-2-months.blogspot.com/2013/12/is-is-hints.html

QUESTION 172

Which three elements compose a network entity title? (Choose three.)

A. area ID

B. domain ID

C. system ID

D. NSAP selector

E. MAC address

F. IP address

Correct Answer: ACD

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

ExplanationExplanation/Reference:

Explanation:

An IS (Intermediate system) is identified by an address known as a network access point (NASAP). The NSAP is divided up into three parts as specified by ISO/AI

10589:

Area address — This field is of variable length, composed of high order octets, and it excludes the System ID and N-selector (NSEL) fields. This area address is

associated wit a single area within the routing domain.

System ID — This field is 6 octets long and should be set to a unique value with Level 1 and Level

2. The system IS defines an end system (ES) or an IS in an area. You configure the area address and the system ID with the NET command. You can display the

system ID with the show isis topology command.

NSEL — This field is called the N-selector, also referred to as the NSAP, and it specifies the upper- layer protocol. The NSEL is the last byte of the NSAP and

identifies a network service user. A network service user is a transport entity or the IS network entity itself. When the N-selector is set to zero, the entire NSAP is

called a network entity title (NET).

A NET is an NSAP where the last byte is always the n-selector and is always zero. A NET can be from 8 to 20 bytes in length.

Reference.

http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/iproute_isis/command/reference/irs_book/irs_is2.html

QUESTION 173

Which three statements about IS-IS are true? (Choose three.)

A. IS-IS can be used only in the service provider network.

B. IS-IS can be used to route both IP and CLNP.

C. IS-IS has three different levels of authentication: interface level, process level, and domain level.

D. IS-IS is an IETF standard.

E. IS-IS has the capability to provide address summarization between areas.

Correct Answer: BCE

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) was designed as the routing protocol for ISO’s CLNP described in IS0 10589. IS-IS is a Link State routing

protocol akin to OSPF and was developed by DEC for use with DECnet Phase V. It was originally thought that TCP/IP would gradually make way for the seven

layer OSI architecture so an enhancement to IS-IS was developed called Integrated IS-IS also known as Dual IS-IS that could route both Connectionless-Mode

Network Service (CLNS) as well as IP.

Cisco IOS supports IS-IS authentication on 3 different levels; between neighbors, area-wide, and domain-wide, where each can be used by themselves or

together.

summary-address address mask {level-1 | level-1-2 | level-2} is used to configure IP address summarization.References:

http://www.rhyshaden.com/isis.htm

http://mynetworkingwiki.com/index.php/Configuring_IS-IS

QUESTION 174

Which statement describes the function of the tracking object created by the track 10 ip route 192.168.99.0/24 reachability command?

A. It tracks the reachability of route 192.168.99.0/24.

B. It tracks the line protocol status of the interface on which route 192.168.99.0/24 is received.

C. It tracks exactly 10 occurrences of route 192.168.99.0/24.

D. It tracks the summary route 192.168.99.0/24 and all routes contained within.

Correct Answer: A

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Reference:

http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst3560/software/release/12- 2_52_se/configuration/guide/3560scg/sweot.html

QUESTION 175

Which group of neighbors can be configured as a BGP peer group?

A. a group of iBGP neighbors that have the same outbound route policiesB. a group of iBGP and eBGP neighbors that have the same inbound distribute-list

C. a group of eBGP neighbors in the same autonomous system that have different outbound route policies

D. a group of iBGP neighbors that have different outbound route policies

Correct Answer: A

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

You can group BGP neighbors who share the same outbound policies together in what is called a BGP peer group. Instead of configuring each neighbor with the

same policy individually, a peer group allows you to group the policies which can be applied to individual peers thus making efficient update calculation along with

simplified configuration.

Reference. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/13755- 29.html

QUESTION 176

Refer to the exhibit.

Notice that debug ip bgp updates have been enabled. What can you conclude from the debug output?

A. This is the result of the clear ip bgp 10.1.3.4 in command.

B. This is the result of the clear ip bgp 10.1.3.4 out command.

C. BGP neighbor 10.1.3.4 performed a graceful restart.

D. BGP neighbor 10.1.3.4 established a new BGP session.

Correct Answer: A

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

If you enter the clear ip bgp out command for a BGP peer, that router resends its BGP prefixes to that peer. This does not cause a change in the best path on the

receiving BGP peer. Hence, there is no change in the Table Version on that peer.When you run the debug ip bgp updates on the receiving router, you see:

BGP(0): 10.1.3.4 rcvd UPDATE w/ attr: nexthop 10.1.3.4, origin i, metric 0, merged path 4, AS_PATH

BGP(0): 10.1.3.4 rcvd 10.100.1.1/32…duplicate ignored

The received update is recognized as a duplicate, so it is ignored and no best path change occurs.

Reference. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/116511- technote-tableversion-00.html

QUESTION 177

Which set of commands conditionally advertises 172.16.0.0/24 as long as 10.10.10.10/32 is in the routing table?

A

B.

C.

D

Correct Answer: B

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Advertise maps are used for conditional routing to advertise specified prefixes if something which is specified in exist map exists. In our question we need to

advertise 172.16.0.0/24 if 10.10.10.10/32 exists in the routing table so we have to use commanD. “neighbor x.x.x.x advertise- map <prefix-list of 172.16.0.0/24>

exist-map <prefix-list of 10.10.10.10/32>”. Therefore B is correct.

QUESTION 178

Refer to the exhibit.

Why is R2 unable to ping the loopback interface of R4?

A. The local preference is too high.

B. The weight is too low.

C. The next hop is not reachable from R2.

D. The route originated from within the same AS.Correct Answer: C

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Before a BGP speaker installs a route to a network in the main IP routing table, the router must know how to reach the next hop that is used to get to that network.

Route reachability is verified by searching for a route to the next hop in the main IP routing table. Unlike IGP routing protocols, such as EIGRP and OSPF, which

assume that a route is reachable if they learned it through a valid adjacency, BGP does not install routes that it cannot verify as reachable. If a route to the next

hop for a BGP network is found in the main IP routing table, BGP assumes that the network is reachable, and that the particular BGP route might be stored in the

main IP routing table. If the router receives a route to a network that is not reachable, that route continues to be stored in the incoming BGP table, adj-RIB-In, and

might be seen using the show ip bgp command, but is not placed in the main IP routing table.

Reference. https://www.informit.com/library/content.aspx?

b=CCIE_Practical_Studies_II&seqNum=75

QUESTION 179

Which statement about the BGP originator ID is true?

A. The route reflector always sets the originator ID to its own router ID.

B. The route reflector sets the originator ID to the router ID of the route reflector client that injects the route into the AS.

C. The route reflector client that injects the route into the AS sets the originator ID to its own router ID.

D. The originator ID is set to match the cluster ID.

Correct Answer: B

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

An RR reflecting the route received from a RR-Client adds:

1. Originator ID– a 4-byte BGP attribute that is created by the RR. This attribute carries the Router ID of the originator of the route in the local AS. If the update

comes back to the originator, it ignores the update.

2. Cluster List– A Cluster List is a list of Cluster IDs that an update has traversed. When a route reflector sends a route received from a client to a non-client, it

appends the local Cluster ID. If a route reflector receives a route whose Cluster List contains the local Cluster ID, it ignores the update.

Reference. https://sites.google.com/site/amitsciscozone/home/bgp/bgp-route-reflectors

QUESTION 180Refer to the exhibit.

Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)

A. This router is not 4-byte autonomous system aware.

B. This router is 4-byte autonomous system aware.

C. The prefix 10.100.1.1/32 was learned through an autonomous system number with a length of 4 bytes, and this router is 4-byte autonomous system aware.

D. The prefix 10.100.1.1/32 was learned through an autonomous system number with a length of 4 bytes, and this router is not 4-byte autonomous system aware.

E. The prefix 10.100.1.1/32 was originated from a 4-byte autonomous system.

Correct Answer: AD

Section: Layer 3 Technologies

Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Prior to January 2009, BGP autonomous system (AS) numbers that were allocated to companies were 2-octet numbers in the range from 1 to 65535 as described

in RFC 4271, A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4). Due to increased demand for AS numbers, the Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) started to allocate

four-octet AS numbers in the range from 65536 to 4294967295. RFC 5396, Textual Representation of Autonomous System (AS) Numbers, documents three

methods of representing AS numbers. Cisco has implemented the following two methods:

Asplain — Decimal value notation where both 2-byte and 4-byte AS numbers are represented by their decimal value. For example, 65526 is a 2-byte AS

number and 234567 is a 4-byte AS number.

Asdot — Autonomous system dot notation where 2-byte AS numbers are represented by their decimal value and 4-byte AS numbers are represented by a dot

notation. For example, 65526 is a 2-byte AS number and 1.169031 is a 4-byte AS number (this is dot notation for the 234567 decimal number).

Reference. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/iproute_bgp/configuration/xe-3s/irg- xe-3s-book/irg-4byte-asn.html

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